| 范皓翔,刘成,徐梦珍.官厅水库入库水沙特性分析[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报,2025,23(4):426-437 |
| 官厅水库入库水沙特性分析 |
| Analysis of the characteristics of runoff and sediment loads into the Guanting Reservoir |
| 投稿时间：2025-02-28 |
| DOI：10.13244/j.cnki.jiwhr.20250048 |
| 中文关键词: 官厅水库 水沙变化 突变分析 周期分析 人类活动 极端天气 |
| 英文关键词:Guanting Reservoir water and sediment changes mutation analysis periodic analysis human activities extreme weather |
| 基金项目:水圈科学与工程全国重点实验室项目（No.sklhse-TD-2024-E01） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为研究官厅水库入库水沙变化的长期趋势和极端情景下的响应特征，本文以官厅水库及其上游流域为研究对象，基于石匣里和响水堡水文站1952—2023年水文数据，采用线性回归分析、双累积曲线法及Morlet小波分析法，对官厅水库上游水沙变化的特征及其驱动因素进行研究，重点关注了21世纪以来永定河流域实施流域水沙综合治理和生态修复以及极端天气频发背景下水沙变化特征。结果表明，官厅水库上游径流量和输沙量均呈显著下降趋势，年际和年内分配差异显著，近年来径流量有增加趋势，极端降雨导致流域径流变异性增强而输沙趋于平稳，水库拦沙作用与产沙过程复杂性共同造成水沙响应不同步现象；双累积曲线分析显示，21世纪以来水沙量出现明显突变点，这主要受到流域水沙综合治理和生态修复措施的影响；通过小波分析揭示了两水文站径流量的主周期为56 a和27 a，输沙量的主周期为56 a和38 a；水沙变化的主要驱动因素包括上游水库建设、水土保持措施、人类活动以及气候变化，其中21世纪后人类活动的影响更为显著。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To study the long-term trend of sediment changes in the inflow water of Guanting Reservoir and the response characteristics under extreme scenarios， this study focuses on the Guanting Reservoir and its upstream area， utilizing long-term hydrological data from the Shixiali and Xiangshuibu stations spanning from 1952 to 2023. Multiple methods， including linear regression analysis， double mass curve analysis， and Morlet wavelet analysis， were employed to investigate the characteristics and driving factors of water and sediment changes upstream of the Guanting Reservoir. Particular attention was paid to the changes in water and sediment under the context of comprehensive water and sediment management and ecological restoration in the Yongding River Basin since the 21st century， as well as the frequent occurrence of extreme weather events in recent years. The results indicate a significant declining trend in both runoff and sediment loads upstream of the Guanting Reservoir， with notable differences in interannual and intra-annual distribution. However， in recent years， there has been an increasing trend in runoff， extreme rainfall events have enhanced runoff variability while stabilizing sediment transport processes， with reservoir sediment trapping and complex sediment production mechanisms jointly creating asynchronous water-sediment responses. The double mass curve analysis reveals a distinct mutation point in water and sediment since the 21st century， primarily influenced by comprehensive basin management and ecological restoration measures. Wavelet analysis identifies the main cycles of runoff at the two stations as 56 and 27 years， respectively， while the main cycles of sediment loads are 56 and 38 years， respectively. The primary driving factors of water and sediment changes include upstream reservoir construction， soil and water conservation measures， human activities， and climate change， with human activities playing a more significant role since the 21st century. |
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