| 李宇,韩科,段庆伟,杨浩鹏,曹瑞琅.基于地质和渗控双因素的富水地层隧洞堵排设计研究[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报,2025,23(4):401-411 |
| 基于地质和渗控双因素的富水地层隧洞堵排设计研究 |
| Research on design of tunnel plugging and drainage in water-rich strata based on geological and seepage control factors |
| 投稿时间：2024-05-16 |
| DOI：10.13244/j.cnki.jiwhr.20240079 |
| 中文关键词: 富水地层 外水压力 渗流量 堵排设计 水工隧洞 |
| 英文关键词:water-rich strata external water pressure seepage flow plug and drain design hydraulic tunnel |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(52079150);西藏自治区科技重大专项(XZ202201ZD0003G01) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 制定合适的堵排设计方案对于保障赋存水环境复杂水工隧洞的安全至关重要。通过分析堵排措施后隧洞涌水量及围岩孔隙水压演化特征，利用流固耦合数值模拟方法，明确了衬砌外水压力分布规律以及结构受力特性，提出了基于地质和渗控双因素的富水地层隧洞堵排设计方法。结果表明：高压富水地层隧洞外水压力不仅受制于地质因素还取决于渗控措施，应考虑灌浆和排水措施对外水压力折减;排水措施入岩深度过大将削弱灌浆圈堵水作用，反之则影响排水泄压效果，入岩深度达到灌浆圈深度30%~50%时减压控渗综合效果较佳;为解决排水孔非全断面布置引起衬砌局部偏压情况，可设置汇水层以有效疏通衬砌周围的渗流通道，在不影响灌浆封堵效果情况下大幅度提升排水泄压效果。基于地质和渗控双因素的富水地层隧洞堵排设计能为水工隧洞应对富水地层高外水压力提供直接参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Developing an appropriate water cutoff and drainage scheme is vital for securing the integrity of complex hydraulic tunnels within water-saturated environments.By examining the post-measurements of tunnel water inflow and the pore water pressure dynamics in the surrounding rock，a fluid-solid coupling numerical simulation approach elucidated the external water pressure patterns on linings and the structural stress behavior.A design methodology for water cutoff and drainage in water-rich strata，grounded in geological and seepage control dual considerations，was developed.The results demonstrate that the external water pressure in tunnels within high-pressure，water-rich strata is governed by both geological conditions and seepage control strategies.The impact of grouting and drainage measures on reducing external water pressure should be accounted for.Overly deep drainage can diminish the sealing effectiveness of the grouting zone，whereas inadequate depth may impair pressure relief efficiency;a drainage depth of 30%~50% of the grouting zone depth is optimal for integrated pressure reduction and seepage control.To mitigate local lining bias stresses due to non-uniform drainage hole placement，a collection layer can be installed to facilitate effective seepage pathways around the lining，substantially enhancing drainage pressure relief without negating the sealing benefits of grouting.This design strategy，based on geological and seepage control factors，provides a direct template for addressing high external water pressures in water-rich strata within hydraulic tunnels. |
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