| 卢书慧,姚庆锋,杨明,史红玲,王惠敏,张治昊.黄河宁蒙河段横断面演变特征及其与水沙过程的响应关系[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报,2025,23(4):365-372 |
| 黄河宁蒙河段横断面演变特征及其与水沙过程的响应关系 |
| Study on the response of the channel cross section evolution to the streamflow and sediment variations of Ningxia-Inner Mongolia reaches of the Yellow River |
| 投稿时间：2024-05-20 |
| DOI：10.13244/j.cnki.jiwhr.20240082 |
| 中文关键词: 黄河上游 宁蒙河段 水沙过程 横断面形态 河道演变 响应关系 |
| 英文关键词:the upper Yellow River Ningxia-Inner Mongolia reaches runoff and sediment load variations cross section configuration channel evolution response relationship |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(U22A20237);黄河水利科学研究院基本科研业务费专项(HKY-JBYW-2024-14) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 河道横断面形态是河道排洪输沙能力的主要影响因素，开展宁蒙河段横断面演变机理研究对于黄河治理意义重大。本文采用实测资料分析的方法，建立了黄河宁蒙河段横断面演变特征与水沙过程的响应关系。研究结果表明：1986年黄河上游龙羊峡和刘家峡水库联合调控运用后，宁蒙河段水量有所减小，沙量大幅度减小，洪峰流量削减严重;同时期，宁蒙河段平滩河宽缩窄，平滩水深变浅，平滩面积减小，平滩宽深比增大。建立的宁蒙河段横断面演变和水沙过程的响应关系表明，宁蒙河段平滩面积随汛期水量的增大而增大，随汛期来沙系数的增大而减小，平滩宽深比随汛期水量的增大而减小，随汛期来沙系数的增大而增大;由河床演变原理可知，汛期水量大、来沙系数小，则水沙过程有利泥沙输移，河道平滩面积增大，河道平滩宽深比减小，横断面形态朝着窄深方向调整;汛期水量小、来沙系数大，则水沙过程不利于泥沙输移，河道平滩面积减小，河道平滩宽深比增大，横断面形态朝着宽浅方向调整。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Channel cross-section configuration indicates its capacities of flood discharge and sediment transport.It is of great significance to probe the mechanism of the cross section evolution in the Ningxia-Inner Mongolia (in short，Ning-meng) reaches in the upper Yellow River.Based on analyses of the measured data，the characteristics of the cross section evolution and its response to the streamflow and sediment load into the reaches were clarified.The results show that，after the Longyangxia reservoir was constructed and jointly regulated with the upper Liujiaxia reservoir in 1986，the volume of streamflow into the Ning-meng reaches decreased，the sediment load reduced sharply，and the flood peak cut down significantly.Meanwhile，the channel form of the Ning-meng reaches changed with the bank-full width narrowing，the bank-full depth shallowing，the bank-full area decreasing，and the bank-full width-depth ratio increasing.On the basis of above-mentioned knowledge，the response relationships between cross section evolution and streamflow and sediment load variation in the Ning-meng reaches was established.The relationships show that，in the flood season，the bank-full area increases as the volume of streamflow into the reaches increases，and decreases as the coefficient of the sediment into the reaches increases，while the bank-full width-depth ratio decreases as the volume of streamflow into the reaches increases，and increases as the coefficient of the sediment into the reaches increases.The response relationship also implicit the principles of river dynamics.In the flood season，the larger the inflow，the lower the sediment coefficient，which tends to shape the narrower and deeper cross-sections by increasing the bank-full area and reducing the bank-full width-depth ratio，and thus conductive to sediment transport in the channel.Conversely，the smaller the inflow，the higher the sediment coefficient，which tends to shape the wider and shallower cross-sections by reducing the bank-full area and increasing the bank-full width-depth ratio，and thus not conductive to sediment transport in the channel. |
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