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| 吸水纤维材料在细粒土路基中的排水性能与作用机制研究 |
| Study on the drainage performance and mechanism of water-absorbing fiber materials in fine-grained soil subgrade |
| 投稿时间：2025-04-28 修订日期：2025-06-28 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 非饱和细粒土 吸水纤维材料 持水曲线 模型试验 含水率 |
| 英文关键词:unsaturated fine-grained soils water-absorbing fiber material water retention curve model experiment water content |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（52209119）；北京交通大学人才基金项目(2024XKRC066) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 湿度控制是保障路基长期服役性能的关键技术环节，而设置排水材料是兼顾经济性和施工便捷性的主要方案。本文针对典型的吸水纤维材料，构建了一种毛细脱湿-接触式滤纸-露点水势仪相结合的吸力测量体系，实现了在全吸力范围（0 ~ 10^5 kPa）内对吸水纤维材料持水曲线的高效测量，揭示了非饱和条件下该材料持水性能与排水效率的关系。基于降雨入渗模型试验，研究了强降雨条件下该材料对周围土体中水分迁移的影响。结果表明：在吸力为0 ~ 300 kPa的非饱和条件下，吸水纤维材料相比粉质黏土能够保持更多的水分，具有从非饱和细粒土中移除水分的潜力，两次降雨作用下的监测结果表明该材料的排水效率随着土体含水率的升高而增大。当材料上部体积含水率低至22 %以下时材料仍能发挥主动的排水作用，证明了其非饱和排水的有效性。同时揭示了材料在路基中的作用机制与应用前景。研究成果可为细粒土路基中湿度控制措施的优化提供一定的理论指导与技术支撑。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Moisture control constitutes a critical technical component for ensuring the long-term service performance of subgrade, while the installation of drainage materials represents a principal solution balancing cost-effectiveness and construction feasibility. This study focuses on a typical water-absorbent fiber material, establishing a suction measurement system integrating capillary dehumidification, contact filter paper, and dewpoint potentiometer techniques. The developed system achieves efficient determination of water retention curves for water-absorbent fibrous material across the full suction range (0 ~ 10^5 kPa), elucidating the relationship between water retention characteristics and drainage efficiency under unsaturated conditions. Through rainfall infiltration model experiments, the influence of the material on moisture migration in surrounding soils under intense precipitation was systematically investigated. The results demonstrate that under unsaturated conditions with suctions of 0 ~ 300 kPa, the water-absorbent fiber material retains greater moisture retention capacity compared to silty clay, exhibiting potential for water extraction from unsaturated fine-grained soils. Monitoring data from two rainfall events reveals a positive correlation between material drainage efficiency and soil water content. Notably, the material maintains active drainage capability even when the volumetric water content above the material drops to 22% or below, proving its effectiveness in unsaturated drainage. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms and application prospects of the material in subgrade engineering are clarified. These findings provide theoretical guidance and technical support for optimizing moisture control strategies in fine-grained soil subgrades. |
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