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| 紫荆关流域生态建设对洪水影响的定量评估研究 |
| Quantitative assessment of the impact of ecological construction on flood in Zijingguan watershed |
| 投稿时间：2024-11-12 修订日期：2024-12-26 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 生态建设 洪水要素 下垫面参数 定量评价 紫荆关流域 |
| 英文关键词:ecological construction flood elements underlying surface parameters quantitative evaluation the Zijingguan River Basin |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 系统认识流域生态建设对水文过程调控机制,是有效开展流域管理和生态保护的关键。针对太行山石质山区的气候、下垫面特点,基于垂向混合产流机制构建了紫荆关流域水文模型,选取紫荆关1971-2013年35场典型场次洪水过程,并根据紫荆关站洪峰流量突变时间,划分为1971-1999年和2000-2013年两个洪水组,通过率定不同洪水组流域下垫面参数和进行交叉模拟分析,定量评价了流域下垫面变化对产汇流参数的影响以及生态建设对洪水的调节能力。结果表明:紫荆关流域蒸散发参数有较大增加趋势,土壤张力水容量有一定程度增加；产流参数中稳定下渗率显著增加了60%,同时,渗透系数、下渗分布曲线指数以及汇流参数中地面径流、壤中流和地下径流消退系数均有不同程度增加。流域生态建设对小量级洪水影响较大,而对较大量级洪水影响相对较小。对于实测洪峰流量小于100m3/s、100-320m3/s、320m3/s(5年一遇)以上的洪水,其洪峰和洪量的平均减少幅度分别为9.9%和15.6%、7.0%和12.8%、5.6%和9.1%。相同量级的洪水,洪峰减少幅度小于洪量的减少幅度。对于洪峰流量在200m3/s以下的洪水,生态建设对于单峰、双峰及多峰洪水影响差异性较小,而对于200m3/s以上较大量级的洪水,生态建设对于单峰洪水的影响较大,而对于多峰洪水的影响较小。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Systematic understanding of the regulation mechanism of watershed ecological construction on hydrological processes is the key to effective watershed management and ecological protection. According to the characteristics of climate and underlying surface in the rocky mountain area of Taihang Mountain, a hydrological model of Zijingguan Basin was constructed based on the vertical mixed runoff generation mechanism. Thirty-five typical flood processes in Zijingguan from 1971 to 2013 were selected and divided into two flood groups from 1971 to 1999 and from 2000 to 2013 according to the sudden change time of flood peak flow at Zijingguan station. Through the calibration of the underlying surface parameters of different flood groups and the cross simulation analysis, the influence of the change of the underlying surface on the runoff and confluence parameters and the ability of ecological construction to adjust the flood were quantitatively evaluated. The results show that the evapotranspiration parameters of Zijingguan Basin have a great increasing trend, and the soil tension water capacity has a certain degree of increase. The stable infiltration rate in the runoff yield parameters increased significantly by 60 %. At the same time, the permeability coefficient, the infiltration distribution curve index and the surface runoff, interflow and underground runoff regression coefficient in the confluence parameters increased to varying degrees. The ecological construction of the basin has a greater impact on small-scale floods, while the impact on larger-scale floods is relatively small. For floods with measured peak flow less than 100m3 / s, 100-320m3 / s, and 320m3 / s ( 5-year return period ), the average reductions of flood peak and flood volume are 9.9 % and 15.6 %, 7.0 % and 12.8 %, 5.6 % and 9.1 %, respectively. For floods of the same magnitude, the reduction of flood peak is less than that of flood volume. For floods with peak flow below 200m3 / s, the impact of ecological construction on single-peak, double-peak and multi-peak floods is small, while for floods with a large magnitude above 200m3 / s, the impact of ecological construction on single-peak floods is large, while the impact on multi-peak floods is small. |
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