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| 基于遥感数据的宁夏盐池县蒸散发时空特征分析与灌溉用水估算 |
| Analysis of spatiotemporal characteristics of evapotranspiration and estimation of irrigation water use based on remote sensing in Yanchi County, Ningxia |
| 投稿时间：2024-09-04 修订日期：2024-12-10 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 蒸散发 遥感 水量平衡 灌溉用水估算 |
| 英文关键词:Evapotranspiration Remote sensing Water balance Irrigation water use estimation |
| 基金项目:水利技术示范项目(SF-202405)；国家自然科学基金项目（51779269） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 精准获取灌区农灌水量有利于掌握农业用水的时空动态，促进灌区水资源合理配置。本研究比选了多种蒸散发遥感数据产品，基于区域-灌区两级水量平衡原理估算了灌区农业用水量；并通过Mann-Kendall分析、敏感性分析等方法，分析了盐池县灌区2014-2023年的蒸散发时空变化特征，识别了年际、年内不同尺度下影响蒸散发的主要气象因素。结果表明：（1）PML-V2数据产品在研究区表现出较好的精度和数据的稳定性，2014～2020年期间蒸散发未发生明显突变，平均以0.88mm/a的速率缓慢增加；在年内分布上，蒸散发主要集中在7-9月份，在空间分布上，蒸散发总体呈现出西北低、东南高的特征；（2）年际上，温度是影响蒸散发的主要气象因素；年内，蒸散发在1月份和5~10月份由温度主导，2~4月份由净辐射主导，11~12月份由水汽压主导；（3）在灌水期，本文估算的灌溉用水量与灌溉制度计算的结果基本一致。花马池灌区节水水平有待进一步提升，在进行高效节水管理时应优先考虑该灌区。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Accurately obtaining information on the amount of water used for agricultural irrigation in irrigation areas is conducive to grasping the spatial and temporal dynamics of agricultural water use and promoting the rational allocation of water resources in irrigation areas. This study compared various remote sensing data products for evapotranspiration, and estimated the agricultural water use in the irrigation area based on the principles of two-level water balance at the regional and irrigation district levels, and analyzed the spatial and temporal characteristics of evapotranspiration in the irrigation area of Yanchi County from 2014 to 2023 by Mann-Kendall analysis and sensitivity analysis, identifying the main meteorological factors affecting evapotranspiration at different scales in the inter-annual and intra-annual scales. The results indicate :(1)the PML-V2 data product demonstrated good accuracy and data stability in the study area. During the period from 2014 to 2020,the annual evapotranspiration has not undergone any obvious sudden change,and the average rate of increase in evapotranspiration was 0.88 mm/a; In intra-annual distribution, ET is mainly concentrated in July-September, and in spatial distribution, ET is generally characterized by low in the northwest and high in the southeast;(2) inter-annually, temperature is the main meteorological factor affecting ET, and ET is dominated by temperature in January and from May to October, net radiation from February to April, and vapor pressure from November to December;(3)in the irrigation period, the results of irrigation water consumption estimated in this paper were basically the same as those calculated by the irrigation system. The level of water conservation in Huamachi Irrigation District needs to be further improved, and this irrigation district should be prioritized in efficient water conservation management. |
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