| 吴文勇,龚时宏,李久生,白美健,王建东,栗岩峰,赵伟霞,章少辉.现代灌溉水肥调控原理与技术研究进展[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报,2021,19(1):81-89 |
| 现代灌溉水肥调控原理与技术研究进展 |
| Research development on principle and technology of water and fertilizer regulation under modern irrigation |
| 投稿时间：2020-07-08 |
| DOI：10.13244/j.cnki.jiwhr.20200122 |
| 中文关键词: 现代灌溉 水肥调控 高效利用 滴灌 喷灌 地面灌 应用模式 |
| 英文关键词:modern irrigation water and fertilizer regulation efficient utilization drip irrigation sprinkler irrigation surface irrigation application model |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划课题（2016YFC0403102，2016YFC0400102，2017YFC0403206）；中国水利水电科学研究院团队建设与人才培养项目（ID0145B602017） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 我国一般年份农业缺水约300亿m3，农业水肥利用率主要指标相当于国际先进水平的60%~70%，农业缺水和面源污染问题日益突出，严重影响国家粮食安全和生态安全。本文综述了创新团队在现代灌溉水肥调控原理、技术与模式等方面所开展的研究工作进展。通过多年的研究，发展了现代灌溉施肥变量调控理论方法，提出了精量滴灌水肥高效调控技术、变量喷灌水肥高效调控技术、精细地面灌溉水肥高效调控技术等关键技术，构建了东北粮食主产区覆膜滴灌水肥精量调控技术模式、华北地下水超采区灌溉水肥高效调控技术模式和西北干旱区滴灌水肥盐协同调控技术模式，节水、增产和节肥效益十分显著。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The annual water shortage of agriculture is about 30 billion m3 in China. The main indicators of agricultural water and fertilizer utilization rate are equivalent to 60%~70% of the international advanced level. The problem of agricultural water shortage and non-point source pollution is becoming increasingly prominent,which seriously affects national food security and ecological security. This paper focuses on modern irrigation water and fertilizer control principles, technologies and models, and develops modern irrigation and fertilization variable control theory methods,and proposes key technologies such as drip irrigation water and fertilizer control technology for grain and economy crops, variable sprinkler irrigation water and fertilizer control technology, and fine surface irrigation water and fertilizer control technology. Such models have been constructed as water and fertilizer control technology model of film-covered drip irrigation in Northeast grain production area, irrigation water and fertilizer precision control technology model in North China groundwater over-exploitation area, and drip irrigation water and fertilizer coordinated control technology model in arid area of Northwestern China. The benefits of increased yield,water and fertilizer in the application of results are very significant. |
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