吕娟,凌永玉,姚力玮.新中国成立70年防洪抗旱减灾成效分析[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报,2019,17(4):242-251
新中国成立70年防洪抗旱减灾成效分析
Analysis on the effect of flood and drought disaster prevention in the 70 years since the founding of New China
投稿时间:2019-08-22  
DOI:10.13244/j.cnki.jiwhr.2019.04.001
中文关键词:  70年  防洪抗旱  水旱灾害  发展趋势分析  成效总结
英文关键词:70 years  flood control and drought relief  flood and drought disaster  development trend analysis  summary of effects
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1502404);社科基金重点项目(14AZD128)
作者单位
吕娟 中国水利水电科学研究院 防洪抗旱减灾研究所, 北京 100038
水利部防洪抗旱减灾工程技术研究中心, 北京 100038 
凌永玉 中国水利水电科学研究院 防洪抗旱减灾研究所, 北京 100038
水利部防洪抗旱减灾工程技术研究中心, 北京 100038 
姚力玮 中国水利水电科学研究院 防洪抗旱减灾研究所, 北京 100038
水利部防洪抗旱减灾工程技术研究中心, 北京 100038 
摘要点击次数: 1171
全文下载次数: 1885
中文摘要:
      2019年是中华人民共和国成立70周年,也是中国水利事业波澜壮阔的70年。作为基础产业,经过70年的艰苦奋斗,我国水利建设取得了举世瞩目的辉煌成就,在促进经济社会发展、改善人民生活条件、保护生态环境等方面发挥了重要作用。防洪抗旱作为水利的重要工作,70年来通过采取工程与非工程措施建设,我国的大江大河干流基本具备了防御新中国成立以来最大洪水的能力,中小河流暴雨洪水防范能力也显著提升,旱区供水基本得到了有效保障,最大限度地减少了人员伤亡。梳理分析了1950-2018年洪涝、干旱、山洪、台风灾害基本情况,总结了防洪抗旱工程和非工程措施体系及科学技术在防洪抗旱中发挥的作用,分析了70年防洪抗旱减灾成效,用数据说明了水利建设特别是防洪抗旱减灾建设对我国经济社会发展提供的保障作用,为今后我国水旱灾害防御和防汛抗旱减灾工作提供参考。
英文摘要:
      2019 is the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, and it is also the magnificent 70 years of water cause of New China. As a basic industry, water construction in China has made remarkable achievements and played an important role in promoting economic and social development,improving people's living conditions and protecting the ecological environment through 70 years of hard work. Flood control and drought relief is one of the key tasks of water cause. In the past 70 years, through structural and non-structural measures,the main streams of big rivers has had the basic ability to defense against the greatest floods since the founding of New China,and the flood prevention capacity of small and medium-sized rivers has also been significantly improved. Besides, Water supply in drought-affected region has been basically guaranteed and casualties has been minimized. This paper described the basic situation of flood and drought disasters and flash flood disasters for past 70 years, and summarized the structural and non-structural measures for flood control and drought relief. The effects of flood and drought disaster reduction were analyzed from six aspects, such as flood control safety, water supply in drought-affected areas, typhoon prevention safety, ice prevention safety, loss of flash flood disaster and the reduction of total loss. The results indicate that the flood and drought disaster reduction has made remarkable achievements in the 70 years since the founding of New China, which has supported the sustainable development of China's economy and society.
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